Recently, with inauguration of Mumbai Monorail, India became of few countries that use monorail as a mode of transportation. Let's try to understand how it works.
Magnetic Levitation (Maglev).
The monorail presently used in majority of the countries use magnetic levitation (maglev) technology. Magnetic levitation transport, or maglev, is a modern form of transportation that suspends, guides and propels vehicles (especially trains) via electromagnetic force. This High-Tech method can be significantly faster than wheeled mass transit systems, potentially reaching velocities comparable to turboprop and jet aircraft (550 to 700 km/h) in regular service.
In other words, this is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields.
Following Earnshaw's theorem, Superconductivity (a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature) can be also be a way of magnetic levitation.
In this method:- Like poles on magnets keep train above track; and
- Train is propelled by electro-magnetic system in the sides of the "guideway" instead of on-board engine.
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