The International Civil Aviation
Organization is a specialized
agency of the United
Nations. It codifies the principles and techniques
of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of
international air transport to
ensure safe and orderly growth.
Its headquarters are
located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
International Commission for Air Navigation (ICAN)
was forerunner of ICAO, which continued to operate until 1945. In 1944, 52
countries signed the Chicago
Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known as the Chicago
Convention, in Chicago, under whose terms, a Provisional
International Civil Aviation Organization (PICAO) was to be established. Thus in 1945, PICAO was established replacing ICAN.
In 1947, PICAO was
disestablished and replaced by ICAO.
In October 1947, ICAO became a specialized agency of the United Nations linked
to the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
As of November 2017, there are 192 ICAO members, consisting of 191 of the 193 UN
members (all but Dominica
and Liechtenstein), plus the Cook Islands.
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